Protection of hazardous installations and critical infrastructures - complementarity of safety & security approaches : application of the ARAMIS methodology
Résumé
Europe has recently faced several major industrial accidents generated by various causes. They have led to a lot of casualties and major damages to the environment (Enschede 2000, Toulouse 2001, Ath 2004...). Moreover, people have already stressed the influence of terrorism in the emergence of new risks. Geopolitical context has brought about risks wich cannot be completely avoided. It is illustrated by many events : Sarin Attack, Anthrax Letters, USS Cole and Limburg attacks, drinking water contamination, action on industrial sites... Regarding SEVESO establishments and similar critical infrastructures like ports and marshalling yards, these concerns are not included in the safety report required by the Authorities. In this paper, the authors establish, in the first part a brief inventory of the available methodologies and tools in order to elaborate a threat assessment. Then in the second part, they formulates some suggestions to integrate security aspects in a risk assessment, to globalise prevention and response approach in case of chemical accident or intentional act on chemical sites. An example of the adaptation of the ARAMIS methodology is explained in the last part.