Refining the geographical origins of fine particulate pollution in Paris, France
Résumé
With growing evidences of adverse health effects and increasing concerns from our societies, particulate pollution in urban areas is at stake. The understanding of its sources (natural vs anthropogenic), geographical origins (local vs imported) and (trans)formation processes is thus crucial to define efficient adaptation and mitigation policies. In the Paris metropolitan area, France, recent 1-year long daily filter sampling (Airparif-Particules project, Bressi et al., 2013) and intensive real-time measurements (EU-FP7 Megapoli project; e.g. Freutel et al., 2013) have already provided useful information on the chemical composition and main pollution sources of fine PM. The geographical origins remain however a complex investigation although these studies conclude that more than half of the observed PM pollution is advected over the Paris region. Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitors (ACSM, Aerodyne Res. Inc., Ng et al., 2001) have recently been commercialized and share the same real-time measurement principles as Aerosol Mass Spectrometers (AMS), but have been specifically designed to allow long term (multi-year) monitoring of the submicron aerosol chemical composition. Since June 2011, an ACSM and a multi-wavelength Aethalometer (AE31 and AE33, Magee Scientific) have been deployed at SIRTALSCE, the atmospheric super-site representative of the regional background pollution of the region of Paris. The objective of the present work is to refine, from different approaches, the origins of particulate pollution using a two-year ACSM + Aethalometer datasets, from June 2011 to May 2013 (Fig. 1) (Petit et al., 2014)...