Évaluation expérimentale de la toxicité des fumées issues de feux de véhicules

Benjamin Truchot (1) , Fabien Fouillen (1) , Serge Collet (1)

1 INERIS - Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques

Improving fire modelling is a key issue to design efficient safety measures for a safe people evacuation in case of fire. Such an analysis should consider the different impacts of fire on people as temperature, visibility but also toxicity. Most of the standard curves used in tunnel fire studies are based on quite old fire tests without any detailed toxic gas qualification. Very few fire tests were published in that way. Based on suchtests, some standard fire emission factors are available in the literature. The objective of this paper is to review those emission factors considering the different toxic species and dealing with using recent cars. To meet this objective, two series of tests were performed. The first concerns individual combustible materials of cars as plastics and tyres. The second focusses on full car burning tests including a detailed smoke analysis. Those two series of tests lead to an analysis of the smoke toxicity and a comparison between emission factors and standard ones

Le risque associé aux feux de véhicules, notamment dans les espaces confinés, impose de prendre en considération à la fois les aspects thermiques et toxiques. Certaines données relatives à de tels incendies étant aujourd’hui assez anciennes, il est pertinent de les revoir en considérant les évolutions des véhicules et de leurs nouvelles énergies de propulsion.

Domaines: Ingénierie de l'environnement; Sciences de l'environnement

Benjamin Truchot, Fabien Fouillen, Serge Collet. Évaluation expérimentale de la toxicité des fumées issues de feux de véhicules. Rapport Scientifique INERIS, 2018, 2017-2018, pp.32-33. ⟨ineris-02044864⟩