Analytical chemistry investigation and ecotoxicological impact on the industrial activities
Résumé
During the XXth century, the industrial chemistry development play an important role in the economic sector, based on the petroleum process. At the same time, the green chemistry and the biorefineries have been developed and based on the agricultural and forest biomass transformation in a variety of biobased and bioenergy process. To understand the environmental impact of these industries on the biologic environment, this project presents an approach between the laboratory and the ground research. The aims of this work correspond to the characterization on the aquatic environmental impact around an industrial plant by different investigation at the upstream and downstream industrial localization such as: - The identification molecule potentially product ; - The development and the establishment of analytical method with the determination of the detection and quantification limit by GC, GC/MS, HPLC... ; - The target molecules metabolism analysis in order to understand the mechanism action ; - The characterization effect on fish and bivalves indigenous ; - The impact assessment on the microbial diversity sediments. In a first time, by the chemistry approach, we have developped some different gas chromatography methods for the characterization of the pertinent bio-refinerie compounds. These first results give the limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) for more 40 chemistry compounds. To complete the chemical investigation of industrial effluent, some ecotoxicological tests were made including standardized tests on representative organisms of the aquatic compartment (green algae growth inhibition test – OECD test guideline 201; Daphnia magna, acute immobilization test – OECD test guideline 202) and an chronic assay of 21 days using adult sticklebacks, a well described model fish species used to assess impact of environmental compounds.